See tref in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "travée"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "trave"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "trave"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "trave"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "trawe"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "trave"
},
{
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "tref"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "treu"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "treu"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "treo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "trabs"
},
"expansion": "Latin trabs",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin trabs.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tref oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "tres",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tres",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tref",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trave",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "trev",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "treif",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "tref oblique singular, m (oblique plural tres, nominative singular tres, nominative plural tref)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"beam"
],
"id": "en-tref-fro-noun-rkuGfPLu",
"links": [
[
"beam",
"beam"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"mast (on a watercraft)"
],
"id": "en-tref-fro-noun-QfTRsZo2",
"links": [
[
"mast",
"mast"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 7 86",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tent, temporary hut or other similar building"
],
"id": "en-tref-fro-noun-JubgV4Du",
"links": [
[
"tent",
"tent"
],
[
"hut",
"hut"
]
]
}
],
"word": "tref"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French masculine nouns",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "travée"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "trave"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "trave"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "trave"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "trawe"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "trave"
},
{
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "tref"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "treu"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "treu"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "treo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "trabs"
},
"expansion": "Latin trabs",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin trabs.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tref oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "tres",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tres",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tref",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trave",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "trev",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "treif",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "tref oblique singular, m (oblique plural tres, nominative singular tres, nominative plural tref)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"beam"
],
"links": [
[
"beam",
"beam"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"mast (on a watercraft)"
],
"links": [
[
"mast",
"mast"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"tent, temporary hut or other similar building"
],
"links": [
[
"tent",
"tent"
],
[
"hut",
"hut"
]
]
}
],
"word": "tref"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tref meaning in Old French (2.0kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'tref oblique singular or', originally 'tref oblique singular or m'",
"path": [
"tref"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "tref",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'tref oblique singular or', originally 'tref oblique singular or m'",
"path": [
"tref"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "tref",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['masculine', 'canonical']: 'tref oblique singular or' in 'tref oblique singular, m (oblique plural tres, nominative singular tres, nominative plural tref)'",
"path": [
"tref"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "tref",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.